Danish stop consonants: Perception, voicing, fortis-lenis and transcription
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7146/nys.v1i67.153315Keywords:
stop consonants; perception; voicing; fortis-lenis; phonetic transcriptionAbstract
The central theme in the recent debate in Nydanske Sprogstudier and Danske Studier about the transcription of Danish can be narrowed down to whether and to what extent the choice of phonetic symbols could and should comply with the principles of The Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. The debate is supplemented here with a closer look at three pertinent topics. (i) Danish (b d ɡ) are inherently voiceless, but do not sound like (p t k) in other languages. (ii) The absence of voicing can be made explicit with a diacritic, [◌̥], i.e. [b̥ d̥ ɡ̊ ], since it is not restricted to devoicing by the phonetic context but employed also for inherently unvoiced sounds. (iii) Research internationally shows that articulatory strength has articulatory and acoustic correlates that seem to invariably accompany voicing differences in obstruents, but not vice-versa – since differences in fortis-lenis may exist without accompanying voicing differences. The implication is that [p t k] in the IPA de facto identifies not only voiceless, but also fortes consonants. Together with the auditory difference it makes /p t k/ and [p t k] unsuitable as representations of the initial stops in e.g. bille, dille, gilde ’beetle, craze, party.’
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